Our study provides the clearest evidence to date that some patterns inhibit the capture of moving targets, but that camouflage and motion dazzle are not complementary strategies. However, when stationary, targets with camouflage markings were captured less often and caused more false detections than those with striped patterns, which were readily detected. Moving targets with stripes were caught significantly less often and missed more often than targets with camouflage patterns. In this study, we used a computer game with human subjects detecting and capturing either moving or stationary targets with different patterns, in order to provide the first empirical exploration of the interaction of these two protective coloration mechanisms. However, the relationship between motion dazzle and camouflage is unclear because disruptive camouflage relies on high-contrast markings. Such patterns often appear conspicuous, suggesting that protection while moving by motion dazzle might impair camouflage when stationary. This is despite motion dazzle having been fundamental to the appearance of warships in both world wars and often postulated as the selective agent leading to repeated patterns on many animals (such as zebra and many fish, snake, and invertebrate species). Patterns of contrasting stripes that purportedly degrade an observer's ability to judge the speed and direction of moving prey ('motion dazzle') are, however, rarely investigated. Camouflage patterns that hinder detection and/or recognition by antagonists are widely studied in both human and animal contexts.